Automatic differentiation based discrete adjoint method for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes

A systematic methodology for formulating, implementing, solving and verifying discrete adjoint of the compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes is proposed. First, a general adjoint formulation is con-structed for the entire optimization problem, including parameterization, mesh deformation, flow solution and computation of the objective function, which is followed by detailed formulations of matrix-vector products arising in the adjoint model. According to this formulation, procedural components of implementing the required matrix-vector products are generated by means of auto-matic differentiation (AD) in a structured and modular manner. Furthermore, a duality-preserving iterative algorithm is employed to solve flow adjoint equations arising in the adjoint model, ensur-ing identical convergence rates for the tangent and the adjoint models. A three-step strategy is adopted to verify the adjoint computation. The proposed method has several remarkable features:the use of AD techniques avoids tedious and error-prone manual derivation and programming;duality is strictly preserved so that consistent and highly accurate discrete sensitivities can be obtained; and comparable efficiency to hand-coded implementation can be achieved. Upon the cur-rent discrete adjoint method, a gradient-based optimization framework has been developed and applied to a drag reduction problem.     

海上双馈电机开路故障容错性能评估

海上风电机组面临故障率高、停运损失大等问题,迫切需要及早发现运行故障、及时提供容错机制。构建基于西蒙决策理论的双馈风力发电机开路故障容错设计方案,选取电能质量和风力发电机组可靠性作为典型评估指标。结合双馈风力发电机组机侧变流器单相开路故障容错案例,给出量化的容错性能指标。结果表明及时有效的故障容错机制能够提高海上风电场的可用率,避免故障恶化,降低故障带来的经济损失。     

长杆弹侵彻新型复合装甲数值仿真及研究

应用有限元计算程序AUTODYN模拟了由爆炸反应装甲和陶瓷复合装甲组成的新型复合装甲在长杆弹斜侵彻作用下的侵彻过程。根据长杆弹与爆炸反应装甲和陶瓷复合装甲的作用现象,研究了长杆弹对新型复合装甲的侵彻机理以及两者在各时刻的作用规律。所得结论对进行其他复合装甲抗长杆弹侵彻的研究具有一定的参考价值。     

基于协调权的案例学习群决策分类方法

基于案例学习的决策方法具有易于理解、贴近 实际决策过程的优点，成为当前决策领域的一个研究热点。文中针对如何有效地集成不同决 策专家提供的案例信息，提出了一种基于协调权的案例学习群决策模型用以解决多属性分类 决策问题。该方法首先针对各决策者给出不同案例数据，通过构建混合整数规划模型，识别 出具有一致案例信息重要度最大化的典型案例集。然后设计了分类阈值远离程度最大化模型 ，以此确定兼容各个决策者案例信息的指标权重（协调权）和最优分类阈值，由此构建一致 性的效用函数并应用获得的阈值进行分类决策。最后通过案例研究以及与其他模型的比较分 析，验证了方法的可行性。     

蜂窝结构的焊点位置控制方法研究

蜂窝结构是航空发动机中的重要封严结构,随着航空航天工业的飞速发展,该结构的需求也日益增多。蜂窝拼焊的自动化生产是实现蜂窝结构高效率生产的有效方法之一。针对蜂窝结构自动化生产中的关键问题,即焊点的位置精度,分析了原有工艺和系统的不足。在基于ACR9000运动控制器平台上,针对焊点精度,分别提出了基于电机编码器的位置控制和轴同步原理的方式。结果证明,这两种方法能够很好地实现焊点位置的精度要求,使蜂窝高质量高效率生产。     

Evaluation and improvement of coastal GNSS reflectometry sea level variations from existing GNSS stations in Taiwan

Global sea level rise due to an increasingly warmer climate has begun to induce hazards, adversely affecting the lives and properties of people residing in low-lying coastal regions and islands. Therefore, it is important to monitor and understand variations in coastal sea level covering offshore regions. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been successfully used to robustly derive sea level heights (SLHs). In Taiwan, there are a number of continuously operating GNSS stations, not originally installed for sea level monitoring. They were established in harbors or near coastal regions for monitoring land motion. This study utilizes existing SNR data from three GNSS stations (Kaohsiung, Suao, and TaiCOAST) in Taiwan to compute SLHs with two methods, namely, Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP)-only, and LSP aided with tidal harmonic analysis developed in this study. The results of both methods are compared with co-located or nearby tide gauge records. Due to the poor quality of SNR data, the worst accuracy of SLHs derived from traditional LSP-only method exceeds 1?m at the TaiCOAST station. With our procedure, the standard deviations (STDs) of difference between GNSS-derived SLHs and tide gauge records in Kaohsiung and Suao stations decreased to 10?cm and the results show excellent agreement with tide gauge derived relative sea level records, with STD of differences of 7?cm and correlation coefficient of 0.96. In addition, the absolute GNSS-R sea level trend in Kaohsiung during 2006–2011 agrees well with that derived from satellite altimetry. We conclude that the coastal GNSS stations in Taiwan have the potential of monitoring absolute coastal sea level change accurately when our proposed methodology is used.     

基于纳米吸能流体的火工点式分离装置缓冲技术研究

运载火箭火工点式分离装置工作时具有强冲击载荷特性，为有效降低冲击峰值，提出了一种基于纳米吸能流体结构的冲击缓冲技术。首先进行纳米吸能流体的吸能原理研究，建立其本构关系，揭示影响其吸能密度的主要因素；其次开展火工装置有限空间内的纳米吸能流体缓冲结构设计；最后通过有限元仿真与试验验证其缓冲性能。试验结果表明，本文设计的基于纳米吸能流体的缓冲结构，吸能密度高达122.8 J/g，冲击力峰值较空载条件下降了59.2%，冲击加速度峰值下降了63.4%。     

新一代战斗机非定常流动数值研究综述

新一代战斗机强调超机动能力和强隐身性，其中大攻角下的静态失速、动态失速及内埋弹仓绕流是与高机动和强隐身密切相关的、极具挑战的几类典型的非定常流动，它们对数值方法提出了极高的要求。为了高精度地仿真流场、清楚地揭示流动机理，有效地控制非定常流动，非常有必要发展高精度且高效率的RANS-LES混合方法体系，包含RANS-LES混合方法本身、与RANS-LES混合方法匹配的高精度自适应耗散格式、基准湍流模式、高质量计算网格、高精度时间推进方法、非定常量的统计方法等，具有极强的紧迫性。提出、发展、验证并应用该类方法数值仿真新一代战斗机（包括单独部件、组合体、甚至全机）的非定常流动，数值预测结果与风洞实验数据吻合良好；此类方法可为新型战斗机设计提供理论依据和分析手段。